Photo courtesy nyc parks in january 2008, a small group of intrepid high school students from new york citys john bowne high school joined a team of arborists from bartlett tree experts high in the. The specific epithet fragilis means fragile, relating to the brittle, easily broken branches, as does the english common name, crack willow. Their buds have a single protective scale, and their leaves are entire and stipulate. Unpollarded, they tend to split open under their own weight. A spot of work this morning on this recent addition to our offering. Crack willow salix fragilis alba trees tree nursery. For this reason it is not unusual to find this tree growing in the middle of low waters. The inflorescence is a catkin which falls off in one piece. Crack willow salix fragilis small and rapid growing, crack willow pollards have lived as long as years across the uk. White willow salix alba perennial sowthistle sonchus arvensis rusty willow salix cinerea subsp oleifolia goat willow salix caprea bittersweet solanum dulcamara crack willow salix fragilis common ra ort senec10 acobaea greater seaspurrey spergularia media elder sambucus nigra procumbent pearlwort saeina orocumbensl. Crack willow the wood database lumber identification. Crack willow salix fragilis bullata green treetops against white background small willow tree.
Crack willow tree stock photos download 165 royalty free. A large tree will grow up to 25m 80ft tall, with a rough corrugated trunk. Crack willow, salix fragilis, is a large, wide spreading deciduous waterside tree with dark green leaves and catkins in spring. Salix fragilis or crack willow s floral region is north america us lower 48, specifically in the states of. More information about the crack willow salix fragilis. Crack willow definition of crack willow by the free. John smithdodsworth salix xfragilis common name crack willow synonyms salix alba l. Hybrid white willow, brittle willow salix x rubens. The tree likes sun to slight shade at the location and the soil should be sandy to loamy to loamy strong, loving moist sites. Crack willow salix fragilis the crack willow is native to europe including britain and western asia.
Crack willow is a fastgrowing tree common along streams and swamps. Crack willow salix fragilis hardy fruit tree nursery. There are over 400 species of willow, growing all through the northern hemisphere. This map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts and records obtained from usda plants database. This deciduous tree, often rather domeshaped, grows 1525m tall and occurs naturally in europe and central asia.
Crack willow trees also tolerate a polluted atmosphere and can also grow well in salty air near the coast. Salix fragilis the bark of the crack willow is dark brown to gray or black and is rough, deeply furrowed and heavily ridged. Willow tree names and types of willow salix species. Fast and vigorous growers, they make great ornamental shade trees. Crack willow tree guide uk crack willow identification.
Salix fragilis sonamed because its gnarled trunk can split as it grows, the crack willow can be seen along riverbanks, around lakes and in wet woodlands. The leaves are the typical long up to 15cm 6 and narrow willow shape. Hardiness zones are based largely on climate, particularly minimum temperatures. A fastgrowing tree with a rabid thirst, this willow is invasive along waterways in north america. Girth records in this table of girth records worldwide only girth measurements made at a height between 1. In the wild, willows are commonly found near streams, rivers and ponds. The tree is a deciduous tree, it will be up to 20 m 66 ft high. It is usually found growing beside rivers and streams and in marshes and damp areas. It is native to riparian habitats, usually found growing beside rivers and streams, and in marshes and water meadow channels. Salix fragilis is a robust tree that grows to between 10 and 15 m with a short, thick trunk and well spread branches which form a broad, rounded crown. Older records under the name salix x rubens have mostly proven to be salix x fragilis alba x euxina but occassionally misidentified as salix nigra. Salix alba has a high benficial impact in the great lakes. The new york flora atlas is a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state, as well as information on plant habitats, associated ecological communities, and taxonomy. Custom search crack willow specimen is 7 years old.
It tolerates pollution and salt and it is planted to consolidate embankments. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about crack willow salix fragilis bullata supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at daves garden. All around my hat all around my hat i will wear the green willow. The name crack willow comes from the brittle young twigs, which snap easily. Of course this inventory contains only tree records as far as they are registered on this site. The leaves are oblong and the flowers are graywhite. Willows are insectpollinated, sympodially growing, dioecious trees, shrubs, or dwarf shrubs. Salix fragilis crack willow archive, consulte le janvier 20. It will later see the creation of hammock bays along with other exciting bits. The sapwood is white to tan, and isnt always clearly or sharply demarcated from heartwood. It is a common site along streams and on the many disturbed. Crack willow, salix euxina trees and shrubs naturegate.
The two nativespeachleaved willow salix amygdaloides and black willow both have crinkly hairs on new leaves. Salix fraglis crack willow crack willow is a large native tree common by rivers, ditches and on wet ground. Evelyn, writing in the 17th century when it was also known commonly as sally or wully, thought the roots slower growing but deeper than other salix. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Its one of the largest willows and its leaves are popular with moth caterpillars. Also, the twigs are distinctive in that they are very brittle at their bases, and easily break off.
Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about crack willow salix fragilis supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at daves garden. Scruffy and loud, the crack willow is named after its habit of splitting with cracks and fissures, and how noisy its branches are when. These woody plants range in size from the imposing weeping willow tree to small shrubs. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis.
Salix fragilis can grow to be a large tree, often dividing into several large branches low on the trunk, or even at the ground level. The crack willow is named after the fragility of its branches, which are easily broken by the water stream and carried away, to be left in the mud where they grow as new trees. This willow is cultivated as a source of salicyclic acid a component of aspirin, for willow bark natural medicine, for its soft elastic wood commonly used in basketmaking and other crafts, for fiber papermaking, in the production of gun powder, tanning leather, and other purposes. Although willows elicit strong allergic responses from individuals in allergy tests, willows tend to be pollinated more by insects than by wind, and therefore present fewer people with the allergenic challenge than other tree types. Fallen branches are so good at rooting in wet soil that in some parts of the country, a single crack willow has cloned itself for long stretches of river bank. The bark is dark greybrown and coarsely fissured in older trees. Plants profile for salix rubens hybrid crack willow. Crack willow hedging order online ashridge nurseries. Belyaeva2 1department of plant science and landscape architecture, unit 4067, university of connecticut, storrs, ct 06269 4067, usa 2royal botanic gardens, kew, richmond, tw9 3ae, uk the name crack willow salix fragilis has historically been applied to taxonomically different. Crack willow has a straight grain with a fine to medium uniform texture. Crack willow in english crackwillow in english fahlweide in german gron pil in danish gron pil in danish knackweide in german sauce mimbrera in language. All the species represented on this web site can be found using this search facility. More on crack willow salix fragilis in wikipedia allergens and plants search enter a full or partial species name to find more information on one of over 1200 potentially allergenic plants.
It was introduced to north america as a fastgrowing ornamental. It was often cut at a height of 2 to 4 m, in an ancient practice called pollarding, to provide stakes for wattle fencing. Salix fragilis crack willow likes damp soils like most willow trees but unlike others, the crack willow tree has long, penetrating roots which bind soil together and prevents soil erosion. Crack willow is one of the largest willows in the world, growing up to 1020 meters tall. Newsholme 1992 notes several varieties and hybrids. Belyaeva 2009, salix x fragilis al ba x euxina, salix rubescens, salix x rubescens zelimir borzan, university of zagreb, identification. Willow, crack salix fragilis scruffy and loud, the crack willow is named after its habit of splitting with cracks and fissures, and how noisy its branches are when they break. Willow cutting taken in september of 2008 from the parent willow, a giant crack willow salix fragilis in van cortlandt park in the bronx.
While not fussy about soil quality, they generally require moderate to wet soil moisture. Because the trees often grow beside rivers, any twigs that break off. The fresh bark of all members of this genus contains salicin, which probably decomposes into salicylic acid closely related to aspirin in the human body. A hardiness zone is a geographically defined area where a given plant is capable of growing. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Its duration is perennial which means it will grow year after year. Salix fragilis is a deciduous tree growing to 15 m 49ft by 15 m 49ft at a fast rate. The willow genus salix contains many species, most of which are known as willow, but some narrow leaved shrub species are called osier, and some broader leaved species are referred to as sallow from old english sealh, related to the latin word salix. Crack willow salix fragilis british trees woodland trust.
This page was last edited on 19 december 2019, at 08. Salix fragilis bullata lush green foliage of crack willow tree. Eddmaps distribution this map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts, herbaria, and literature. This is a fastgrowing, upright species, which can grow to about 15m tall. The only reported difference between the two species is s. Crack willow is a deciduous broadleaf tree and one of britains largest native willows.
Salix fragilis is an introduced species that has become thoroughly naturalized in wet, sunny sites once established in the open, the forest can grow up around it or with it, but it is rare to see successful seedlings under canopy. The thickest, tallest, and oldest crack willows salix fragilis. Crack willow salix fragilis north american insects. Salix xfragilis new zealand plant conservation network. Salix fragilis crack willow pfaf plant database plants for a future. Isle of rum plant list flowering plants common name. Salix fragilis linne, saule fragile, saule, crack willow. It is often found growing alongside rivers, lakes and watercourses. Salicaceae willow family medicinal use of crack willow. Crack willow salix fragilis zone 3 crack willow is a mediumlarge deciduous tree that thrives in wet, poor soils. Join our friendly community that shares tips and ideas for gardens, along with seeds and plants. Crack willow, brittle willow, salix fragilis is a mediumsized to large deciduous species of willow native to europe and western asia.
There is a plant in the north american trade labeled salix fragilis bullata and i have purchased plants under this name, but theyre always mislabelled. The tough wood of the species is reddish and used for wheelbarrows carts and cricket bats sunmedwet. Deciduous tree up to 25 m tall, branches not drooping but breaking easily, often with an audible crack hence the common name, leaves narrow and lanceshaped, often with bright red swellings on them, flowers produced in spring about the same time as emergence of leaves. Search for a plant species using either the scientific name or common name, then click search database.
Crack willows definition of crack willows by the free. Chinese weeping willow, salix babylonica, is listed as invasive in arlington. Sagebud grow your garden plant a tree pot a flower. Alien invasives crack willow salix fragilis african. Crack willow salix fragilis is also confused with some of the other willows salix spp. Heartwood ranges from a light tan to a deeper reddish brown, sometimes with darker streaks. Common names bruchweide in german bruchweide in german bruchweide in german bruchweide in german bruchweide in language. It is native to europe and western asia, crack willow is widely planted as an ornamental shade tree in canada. Latungensis with brighter brown, glossy branchlets and coarsely serrate leaves, sporadic throughout scotland, england, also recorded in belgium and switzerland.
They are found along thousands of kilometres of streams in southeastern australia where they were widely. The bark is grey and deeply fissured and the twigs mature to become rather lustrous. Crack willow is regularly planted to stabilize banks and prevent erosion. Crack willow is not native in finland, but originally an. Do not place close to drainage pipes or septic systems and keep it far away from any buildings. Members of the genus salix are commonly known as willows. Salix fragilis crack willow plant finder greenplantswap. They are found along thousands of kilometres of streams in southeastern australia where they. Crack willow salix fragilis species details and allergy info. Thus all herbarium specimens under the names salix fragilis and salix.
In botanical medicine, white willow salix alba is most commonly referenced, although other species like black willow salix nigra and crack willow salix fragilis can be used interchangeably in many cases. Salix fragilis, or more commonly know as crack willow, is a tree of the genus salix. Isles 8e edition, volume 4, john murray, isbn 0719524288. Historic great trees returning to nyc new york state. It is in flower from april to may, and the seeds ripen from may to june. Salix fragilis, with the common names crack willow and brittle willow, is a species of willow native to europe and western asia. It is often multitrunked with an irregular and often leaning crown. The crack willow is botanically called salix fragilis. A rounded compact form of the brittle willow so called because the twigs snap off easily. Crack willow salix fragilis family salicaceae willow, cottonwood, aspen. The toothed leaves are about 15cm long, and turn yellow in the autumn.
The tree has beautifully fissured bark when it is mature and an upright canopy. An illustrated flora of the northern united states, canada and the british possessions. The crack willow is a mediumsized to large deciduous tree, which grows rapidly up to 20 metres tall, with a trunk up to 1 metre in diameter. Salix fragilis photo royalty free salix stock image.
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